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18501853OctoberOutbreak of Crimean War (to 1856)185420 SeptemberBattle of the Alma (Crimean War), First major battle on Crimean peninsular25 OctoberBattle of Balaclava (Crimean War), Russian attempt to break allied supply lines.5 NovemberBattle of Inkerman (Crimean War),allied victory over Russians.185630 MarchTreaty of Paris ends Crimean War (from 1853)1859The Second War of Italian Independence (1859-61) was the most significant of the four wars, and resulted in the establishment of a Kingdom of Italy that contained all of Italy apart from the Venetia and the area around Rome.